The hermeneutics of mental symptoms in the Cambridge School
نویسندگان
چکیده
(A hermenêutica de sintomas mentais na Escola de Cambridge) A Psiquiatria atual está em crise. Décadas de pesquisa neurocientífica ainda nãoresultaram em explicações ou tratamentos adequados. Uma das razões para esse fracassopode ser sua hipótese central equivocada, ou seja, de que os sintomas e desordensmentais são tipos naturais. A Escola de Cambridge propôs a construção de uma novaepistemologia para a Psiquiatria, que deve começar com o desenvolvimento de um novomodelo de formação de sintomas mentais. “Sintomas mentais” devem ser consideradosuma coconstrução hermenêutica que ocorre em um espaço intersubjetivo criado pelodiálogo entre paciente e médico. Experiências subjetivas (causadas por convulsãoneurobiológica ou psicossocial) penetram na consciência dos pacientes, causandoperplexidade e/ou sofrimento. Para entender, manipular e comunicar essas experiências,os pacientes seguem para configurá-las por meio de modelos emprestados de sua própriacultura. É importante notar, no entanto, que a mesma informação neurobiológica podeser configurada em diferentes sintomas e diferentes informações neurobiológicas, nomesmo sintoma. Portanto, “sintomas mentais” são combinações híbridas diferentes deinformações neurobiológicas e culturais. Para serem éticas, intervenções terapêuticasdevem levar em conta essas diferenças. A manipulação cega do cérebro deve, em todosos casos, ser considerada contraproducente.
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تاریخ انتشار 2015